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S. M. SYRD TYPE WRITING MACHHVE.

APPLICAHON HLED JAN.4.I918.

Patented Oct. 1%,1919.

3 SHEETS-SHEET1.

Jmvenwr 141111 274 1. Ud v; 115! 111 id W Azm g S'. M. BYRD;

TYPE WRITINGMACHINE. APPLICAHON FILED JAN. 4. 191a.

Patented 0m. 1:1, 1919 3 SHEETSSHEET 2 lmmnmr 8 S. M. BYRD.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

APPLICAIION I-ILED JML4. ms.

Patented Out. 14, 1919.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3,

lllllll fiawgmmr Wm WM 436% f w 4ya/ ASSIGIIGE TS UNDEE'W'OOD TYPE- itCGRPUBIATIQN OF DELAWARE.

TYPE-W'RITIH TildCHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

ll atented that. 14:, ti l- T9.

Application filed January .4, 193.8. aerial No. 210,352.

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that l, SAMUEL M. citizen of the United States, residing inKosciusko, in th county of Eittala am; State of Mississippi, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Type-Writing Machines,of which the following is a speci fication.

This invention relates to an improvement in typewriting machines, andmore particularly to mechanism for positioning the carriage in anyselected column, in connection with the operation or" spacing the paperfor a newline of writing, although some few tures or". the tabulatingmechani m may be used without line-spacing operation or mechanism.

This invention discloses a tabulating 0r column-selecting mechanismwhich may be used to select rapidly the starting position or the platenfor beginning a new paragraph. The selection of a column or carriageposition may be made either with or without the line-spacing of theplaten. As the carriage is returned to commence a new line, the carriagemay be stopped at the inset point, corresponding to the beginning of anew paragraph and at the new line ready to write. The column selectingmay be done either by a backward or forward movement of the carriageaccording to the position thereof. The mechanism preferably includcs aseries of keys carried by the carriage, any one of which may be operatedto move-a stop carried by the carriage into a position to engage acomparatively fixed stop carried by the typewriter frame, so as toobstruct the return movement of the carriage. This will limit'the extentof return movement of the carriage and thus determine the beginning of anew line.

The keys when operated in returning the carriage and also determiningthe beginning of a new line, may operate the line-space mechanism, asthe line-space lever extends upwardly into the path of operation of thecolumn-selecting keys.

The stops carried by the carriage and op erated by the column-selectingkeys are double-acting and provided with two projec tions, one forengaging the fixed stops on the return movement of the carriage, asexplained above. and the other for engaging he fixed stops on the acvanoing movement oi the carriage. That is to say, in addition topositioning the carriage and returning it, the keys carried by thecarriage may also be used to determine the position of the carriage whenthe latter is moved in an ad vancing direction. The determining of theposition of the carriage on a return movement is by an operation of oneof the keys in the manner in which the line-space mechanism. is usuallyoperated to return the carriage. For a positioning of the carriage by anadvancing movement thereof the keys carried by. the carriage are movedin the op posite direction, so as to bring one of the projections,according to the particular key selected, in line with one of the fixedstops on the typewriter frame. The movement of one of the keys in thisdirection does not drag the carriage along, 'but releases it from theescapement mechanism, so that the spring-barrel normally used to advancethe carriage causes the same to jump forward until the selected stopscooperate with each other to bring the carriage to a haltat the positionselected.

During an advancing tabulating movement of the carriage, the actuatedkey is locked in operative position until 'the se lected stops engagewith each other. When the latter takes place, the key becomes releasedso that it may return to its normal position, thus permitting the feedrack to drop hack into engagement with the escapement pinion.

The fixed stops are on separate racks, ar-

ranged at different levels and secured to the typewriter frame. Thecarriage-stops are in the form of pivoted double-acting dogs extendingbetween the racks, on which the fixed stops are adjustably mounted. Theobstructions on each dog, forming a stop, are disposed on opposite sidesof the racks, so as to he moved alternatively into the range or thefixed stop which cooperates therewith nism on the carriage to that onthe typewriter frame.

ward a point. where the stop operated by the key will come intoengagement with a fixed stop.

Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 2, except that one of the keys has beenoperated in'the opposite direction to the operation in Fig. 2, so thatone of-the carriage-stops has been moved in the opposite direction fromthat of Fig. 2, to enable it to engage an obstructing fixed stop as thekey which brought it into play returns the carriage to the beginning of'the next line. This key is also shown as having operatedthe linespacemechanism. to rotate the platen for the next line.

Fig. 4 i an enlarged view, similar to Figs.

2 and 3. All of the cglumn-selecting keys are shown in their inactive,intermediate position, with all of the projections on the carriage-stopsclear of the range of obstruction of the" fixed stops. Fig. 5 is adetail view, looking'from front to rear at one of the fixed stops,showing the means of adjusting it along its supporting rack, and alsoshowing the relation of the obstructing projections on the correspondingcarriage-stop to this fixed stop.

Fig. 6 is a vertical section, taken from front to rear throughone of thefixed stops, and showing the manner of adjustalbly securing it on itsrack," and the relation of two of the carriage-stops with respect to thefixed stop.

Considering more particularly the separate parts of this inventionasembodied in the form shown in the drawings, 1 indicates a typewriterplaten which is mounted to rotate by .means 0 an axle 2 .on a carriage.3. The carriage 3 has the usual step-by-step movement at the striking ofthe character keys (not shown), in a manner common'to Underwood standardtypewriters. This includes a rack. 4c, pivotally mounted on the carriage3 and normally engaging a pinion 5', forming part of the escapementmecha- IllSIIl.

way pawl-and-ratchet mechanism 6 fixed to ation of the character keys,so as to release the escapement wheel step by step. The carriage andthus the platen 1 is given a This pinion 5 is connected by a one- 1letter-feeding movement by the usual springbarrel 7* under the controlof this escapement mechanism.

The platen 1 may be rotated major amounts by. means of the usual handknobs 8, provided atthe ends of the axle 2, and

may also be moved line-space amounts by means of the line-spacemechanism quite similar to that provided upon the standard Underwoodtypewriter. This line-space mechanism includes a line-space lever 9,

which is provided with an arm 10 engaging a slide .11 to move the latteragainst the tension'of a return spring 11*, Fig. 4. The

slide 11 is provided with'a pawl 12, which engages and operates aline-space wheel 13 as, for example, for a new paragraph, there areprovided a plurality of keys '14, in this case shown to [be mounted onthe carriage 3.

hese keys are 'in the nature of columnselecting keys and they maydetermine the position of the carriage 3 for difierentzones or majorcolumns when the carriage is moved either in an advancing or a returndirection. When the position of the carriage to be determined for areturn movement, the keys 14 themselves may be used to return thecarriage. -The keys 14 are pivotally mounted at 15 on a' compoundbracket 16, extending reanwardly on the car- 'riage 3. These keys areprovided at their front ends with finger-pieces 17 having inscribedthereon the particular column which they determine, such as 1, 2, 3 and477 The line-s ace lever 9 has an operating handle 18, w i'chextends upin the path of movement of the keys 14, so that'when they are moved in adirection .to return the car-' riage 3 they at the same 'tiine operatethe line-space lever 9. to rotate the platen to a new line. I

Each of the keys 14 is provided with a I i stop .24, which may be.termed a carriage stop, in that the keys Mare carried by the. carriage3. These stops 24= are-shown in the form of dogs pivoted at 25 on theircorr responding keys 14. A spring '26 is provided for'each key 14and-itsassociate'd stop 24 tends to yieldingly hold the stop in a normalposition" relatively to the key, which is determined by a pin 27engaging an arm;

28 on the key 14a Each stop 24' has a pa.i r of projections 29 and 30,which 'form obstructions engage alternatively on opposite sides thefixed stops 31, according to the direction of movement of the carriageand the character of operation of one of the keys 14. The projections 29and 30 are .abrupt on one side and cam-shaped on the other side. Thisenables them to be ob.- structed by the stops 31 when in their activepositions and moving in one direction, and to yield to one side whenengaged by the stops 31 and moving in the wrong direction.

The stops 31 are adjustably mounted on racks 32. There is one'of thestops 31 on a corresponding rack 32 for each of the corresponding stops24, and thus for each of the column-selecting keys 14. Thestops 31 maybe termed fixed stops, in that after once adjusting them, they are fixedon the racks 32, which, in turn, are supported by the typewriter frame33. The racks 32 are held spaced relation by means of brackets 34, whichhave parallelly-extending reaches 35, on which the racks 32 are directlymounted. These reaches 35 extend toward the front of the machine, sothat the keys 14 can extend between the racks 32, and also so that thecarriage-stops 24 can extend between the racks 32, and thus enable theobstructing projections 29 and 30 to engage the fixed stops 31selectively on opposite sides.

The stops 31 are adjustable along the racks 32, one or all of whichmaybe provided with a scale 36, so as to accurately determine theposition of the stops 31 for different letter space positions of thecarriage 3. The under sides of the racks are provided with teeth,whereby the stops 31 may be locked in any adjusted position byv means oflatches 37 one of which is provided on each of the stops 24. The latch37 is hinged at 38 to the body portion of the stop, and is normally heldin the full-line,

locked position shown in Fig. 6, by means of a spring 39. In thisposition a tooth 40 on the latch 37 engages between two teeth of therack The latch 37 can be depressed to the dotted-line position'of Fig. 6to enable a stop 31 to be adjusted along the corresponding rack 32.

The projections 29 on the stops 24 are used to engage the fixed stops 31at 41, whereby the stops 31 are extended to form a projection when thekeys 14 are used to return the carriage and determine the position ofthe carriage during such return movement. The projections 30, on theother hand, are used to determine the position of the carriage during anadvancing movement of the latter by engaging projections 42, one ofwhich is provided on each fixed stop 31 on the opposite side from theprojection 41. When a projection 42 is used to determine the position ofthe carriage by anadvancing movement of the carriage, the correspondingkey 14 is moved to the position illustrated in Fig. 2. When moved inthis direction, a: cam 43, provided on each letter-space position key14, engages a vertical rod 44 extei' between arms 45, 46, pivoted by asha'tt 47. and forces the arms 45, 46 against the tension of a spring-13 from the Fig. 4 position to the Fig. 2 position. The arm engages anarm 49 provided on a key-lever 50. The key lever 50 is used to raise thecarriage rack 4 out of'mesh with the pinion 5. Thus, when one of thekeys 14 is moved to the left, as shown in Fig. 2, it will operatekey-lever 50 to disengage the carriage-from the escapement mechanism, sothat the spring-barrel will be free to advance the carriage until itsmovement is obstructed. The limit of movement will be determined by theparticular key 14 operated in this manner, which brings its projection30 to a position to come into engagement with the corresponding stop 31which lies in the path of travel of the stop 24. During this tabulatingmovement of the carriage, the ac tuated key. is held in its ineffectiveposition by the bar 44, which, it will be remembered,

is common to all of the keys. This is done by providing each key 14 witha depression 43 at the end of each cam 43, into which the bar 44 maydrop at the end of the efi'ective movement of the key 14. When theprojection 30 of the stop 24 engages with the fixed stop 31, the impactof the carriage is suiiicient to draw on the key 14 and release it fromthe bar 44, after which the bar 44 becomes effective through theintermediary of the spring 48 and the cam 43, with which the bar 44engages, to fully restore the key 14 to its normal or ineffectiveposition.

The keys 14 are locked in t .ir intermediate, idle position, with bothof the proections 29 and 30 out of range of the stops 31, by means ofdetents 51. There is one of these detents for each of the keys 14. Eachof the detents 51 is in the form of a strip of thin metal, having araised portion 52 engaging in a socket 53 provided on the correspondingkey 14.

Considering the operation of the device, each stop 31 is adjusted alongits bar 32 to a correspondin to a point of a major column or Zone-of t ecarriage at which it is desired to stop the carriage when thecorresponding key is operated. The keys 14 normally occupy anintermediate position, such as that shown in full lines in Fig. 4, andmay be shifted in.

dividually to either side of this neutral position to determine zonalpositions of the typewriter carriage.

The keys may be used to determine automatically the indentation for anew paragraph. This takes place after a line is completed, and itisusually necessary to return the carriage so that one of the keys 14may be operated to return the carriage and at the same time determinethe extent of-return of a-return or an advancing movement of the thecarriage. When one of the. keys 14 is carriage, according to thepartlcular posiused in .thls manner, the particular' key 14 tion of thecarriage and the particularzone operated will alsooperate the line-spaceor major column desired.

lever 9 to advance the-platen 1 a line-sp'ace. The operation of one ofthekeys 14 in the scope of the invention, and portions of, the ydirection neceSsaryto ,return the carriage improvements may beusedwithout others.-

.will be short of the usual beginning of the Variations may be resortedtowithin the brings the projection 29 on the correspond- -Having thus.-described my invention, I ing stop 24' closer to the correspondingrack claim: 1 bar 32, sothat'when the carriage 3 is re- 1. Thecombination with atypewriter responding stationary stop 31, the latter"ranged atdiiferent levels, one individualto obstructing 'the furthermovement of the each of said carriage stops, and a plurality stop 24,and thus the further movement of of keys [on said carriage for shifting"said the carriage 3. Thus, the carriage will be carriage stops into therange of said fixed returned to a new starting position, which stops.

line, and the platen will be line-spaced .for a plurality, ofcolumn-selecting keys carried this new paragraph and the new line. Afterby said carriage, an escapement mechanism,

the carriage has been ariested in the selected connections whereby anyoperated key re-- position, the key is returned to-its normal) leasesthecarriage, .a device for holding any position through. theintermediary o.f. the operated key e flective until the carriage isline-space handle 18 by means of the linearrested, saidkeys adapted foralso return.- space restoring spring 11. ing said carriage, and a'plurality of o- In addition to determining the'in dent'aoperatingstopscontrolled 'by' said keys to turned the desired amount, theprojection carriage, of a plurality of stops carried by 29 will engage.the projection 41 on the corsaid carriage, a plurality of 'fixed stopsar- 2. The combination with-a carriage, !of l tion foraparagraphautomatically, the eardetermine the extent of movement of said 1' ri'agemaybe positioned by the keys 14 to carriageby said keys whenoperated.other zonal positions. Thereare four keys 3. The combination with 'acarriage, ofla shown and 'four of the pairs of stops, so -platen on saidcarriage, line-space'rmechathat' fora given setting of the stops 31, thenism for said platen, cooperating stops for 1 carnage .may be positionedby a single determining the position ofsa'id carriage for operation toany one ofthe' four columns the beginning of a newline, and a key con-This selectrolling the coiiperation of said stops and keys..14jinreturningthe-carriage, -as above return said carriage axselected amountand operation of the keys with anadvancing I,

' escapement pinion 0.

previously determined upon. tion may be made by an operation of theengaging said-line-space mechanismto both explained, and also may bemade.by an line-space said platen.-

movement of the carriage. I

To select 'a position of the carriage for column positions ofsaid'carriage,-a-platen any particular zone or 11183011 column by an, onsaid carnage, hue-space mechanism for 4. The combination with acarriage, of. coiiperating stops for determining Zonal or advancingmovement of the carriage, the said; platen, and for returning saidcarriage key 14, corresponding to this position. is and a series ofkeysarranged: alongsideo shifted to a position, as illustrated in Fig. saidline-space mechanism engaging said 2, such that it will operatethedisconnectline-space mechamsm 'to operate the same,

ing mechanism for the escapement mechaand connected to control thecotiperation of nism. This consists in the cam 43 shifting said,'stopsto determinethe positions of said the rod 44 and the arms 45' and 46 tothe carriage. Y position of F ig. 2, whereby the carriage- Thecombination with a carriage, of rack 4 will be liftedout 30f mesh withthe column-selecting mechanism for said car- The carriage -3 isriage'having a plurality of keys mounted "on then .drawn in an advancingdirection b'ysaid oarriageto travel therewith, a platen vmeans of theusual spring-barrel until the on said carriage, andline-spacemeciianis'm stop'24, on the"'key 14 operated, is carried.for'said platen, including a.line '-space lever forward sufficienttdbring' the projection 30 arranged in the path of movement of saidthereon'lnto engagement with the projeckeys, whereby' said keys. mayoperate said tion 42 on the corresponding stop 31., Furline-spacemechanism at the same time that.

" tl'1e1' movement of the carriage 3 will be] they determine a columnposition of said obstructed at this time, sothat the position" carriage,said line-space lever projecting beof the carriage will be automaticallydc 'yond said keys, so as-to enable saidlinetel-mined for' a zone orcolumn correspondspacemec'hanismto be operated independing to theparticular keyoperated. Thus, ently of an operatlon of saidcolumn-selectfor any position of the typewriter carriage, ing mechanismaone-of 'a number of zones or major 6. -Thecombination'with a carriage,of a an y be instantly selected, either by plurality of cohunn-selectingkeys on sald col umns can carriage, escapement mechanism for saidcarriage, means for advancing said can riage, releasing means for saidcarriage actuable by said keys, means common to all of said keys forlocking any one of said keys in its actuated position, and means forreleasing said actuated key from said locking means.

7. The combination with a carriage, of column-selecting mechanism forsaid carriage, including a plurality of keys, each individual to a givencolumnand shift-able in one direction to bring said carriage to acorresponding column from a position of said carriage in advance of saidcolumn, and shiftable in the opposite direction to bring said carriageto the corresponding column from a position of said carriage in the rearof said column.

8. The combination with a carriage. of a colunnrselecting mechanism forsaid carriage, including a plurality of keys arranged at differentlevels and mounted to travel with said carriage, a platen mounted onsaid carriage, and line-space mechanism for said platen, including aline-space lever having a handle extending vertically alongside of saidkeys and beyond said keys, whereby said handle may be operated solelyfor a line-space movement of said platen, and also whereby any one ofsaid column-selecting keys may concomitantly operate said line-spacemechanism and determine a column position.

9. The combination with a carriage, of column-selecting mechanism forsaid carriage, includinga pluralty of keys on said. carriagecorresponding to dilterent colunn positions of said carriage, escapemenmechanism for said carriage, means for ac,- vancingg rriage, a key onsaid car-- riage disc nesting said from said escapeinent mechanism, so ato permit an advancing movement 07% carriage. connections enabling" saidl("cit-meritio 0. key to be operated from any one of dd :electing keys,and looking meai'is 1d column-selecting keys.

T he combination with a carriage, of a, l har extending parallel o saidearn a on said bar, a key carried by e, and a stop on said key trav Vwith said carriage, and arranged to ens go said stop on aid baralternatively on opposite sides thereof, accordin to the dir ction ofmovement-oi? said carriage in, determining a position of said ca 11. Thecombination W... l a carriac a plurality of bars arranged alongside ofsaid carriage, a plurality of stops adjustable along said bars, a keyfor each bar mounted on said carriage, and a stop controlled by each keycooperating with the stops on said bars to determine selectively columnpositions of said carriage.

12. The combination with a carriage, of a plurality of bars arrangedalongside of said carriage, stops adjustable along said bars, keyscarried by said carriage, and stops operated by said keysextending onboth sides of said bars, and having projections disposed on oppositesides of said bars, so as to engage alternatively with said stops onsaid bars, whereby said stops on said bars and those. operated by saidkeys may be used to control the selection of the position of saidcarriage with a movement of said carriage, either in an advancing or areturn direction.

13. The combination with a carriage, of .a plurality of bars arrangedalongside of said carriage at different levels, stops on said bars, aplurality of keys mounted on said carriage at different levels, and aplurality of stops, one on each of said keys, extending intojuxtaposition with respect to said stops on said bars, and movable bysaid keys into range of said stops on said bars, so as to limit themovement of said carriage to a position Corresponding to the keyoperated.

14. The combination with a carriage, of a plurality of bars arrangedalongside of said carriage, a stop on each of said -barshavi11projections facing in opposite directions, a plurality of keys mountedon said carriage to travel therewith, and a plurality of stops, onepivoted on each of said keys and operable thereby, each of saidkey-stops extending between said bars and having projections: facing inopposite directions on opposite sides of said bars, so to engagealternativcly the projections. of said stops on said bars.

15. The combination with a carr" of a plurality of columnselecting keyson said car 'iae'e, escaoement H'IQCllEtDlSHi for said car; age, meanfor adyanci said. car iage, misusing means for said ca actnablc by saidkeys means 101' locking; any one of said keys in i actuated position,means or autoi'natieally releasing said actuated key from said lockingin i when the carriage its proper position and means for rinp; said keyto its normal position it has been. released from said locking means.

16. The combination with a carriage, of a plurality of bars arrangedalongside of said carriage, stops adjustable along" said bars,column-selecting keys, and double-acting stops operated by saidcolumn-selecting keys eXtending n both sides of said bars, so as toengage alternatively said first-anentioned stops on opposite sides,accordin to the direction of movement of said carriage, to determinepositions of said carriage.

17. The combination With a carriage, of a plurality of bars arrangedalongside of said carriage, stops mounted on said bars, a plurality ofcolumn-selecting keys, one for each of said bars, anda doubleacting stopfor llO } able by said keys andserving as a lock for carriage, means foradvancing said carriage,

releasing means for said carriage actuable by said keys, said releasingmeans being actusaid keys to hold any one of the latter in its actuatedposition, and means for-aut0matically rendering said carriage-releasingmeans inefi'ective to hold-the actuated key,-

and effective to restore the actuated its normal position.

19. The combination with a carriage, of a plurality of column-selectingkeys upon said carriage for arresting the carriage in selected columns,a line-space mechanism,-.an es-' capement device, and means wherebyshifting said keys in one direction returns the carriage and operatesthe line-space mechanism, and shifting sa1d keys in theother di rection1 releases the escapement mechanism, "each key arresting the carnage atone point irrespective of the dlrectlon of operation;

20. The combination with a carriage, of a plurality-of column-selectingkeys'upon said carnage for arresting th carriage in selectedcolumns, aline-space mechanism, an escapement device, means whereby shiftmg saidkeys in one direction'returns'the car riage and operates the line-spacemechanism, and shifting said keys in the other" direction releases theescapement mechanism, each lmygrresting the carriage at one po ntirrespective of the direction of opera- .tion,. and aseparately-settable stop for each key to' determine the column ofarrest.

21. The combination with a carriage, of a line-space lever adapted toreturn said carriage to a given point, and a stop-controlling leveradapted to operate said line-space lever and make said stop effective toarrest the carriage at another point.

t 2 SAMUEL M. BYRD. Witnesses-z C. E. CHAPMAN,

J. C. LARKIN.

